Evoloution of Polar Bears (Lamarck vs Darwin) Essay

The Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) is a bear native largely within the Arctic Circle encircling the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and land masses. Although it is closely related to the Brown Bear, it has evolved to occupy a narrower ecological forte, with many body characteristics adapted for cold temperatures, for moving across snow, ice, and open water, and for hunting the seals which make up most of its diet. Though there are many theories surrounding evolution, the two stand outstanding hypotheses applying to the modification from Brown Bear to Polar Bear are Lamarck’s theory of Use and Disuse, and Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection. The intention of this paper is to compare these thesis and determine the most appropriate in†¦show more content†¦In 1977 a drought reduced the number of small seeds available for the birds, forcing them to rely on larger seeds and nuts, which were difficult for birds with smaller beaks to open. The number of birds unable to eat reduced as they died and gave way to harder beaked finches. Within a couple of generations they had evolved larger beaks. In 2003 another drought struck the Galapagos and as there were many large beaked finches, the food source of nuts dwindled, making the ability to eat smaller seeds an asset. The numbers of larger beaked birds dwindled as food became scarce, leaving the smaller birds to survive and reproduce. Darwin’s theory was not well received when first written in On the Origin of Species, though many scientists today use it as a basis for research in evolution. Both theories suggest that a species changes over time to be able to better adapt to an environment. Though Lamarck thought that the entire population of that species would evolve as one, i.e. all offspring changes together with same adaptation. Darwin concluded that only the specimen with the mutation or an altered version of a feature to evolve a species as they would be able to adapt and survive easier than those without it, thus causing the â€Å"unevolved† to die off while the â€Å"evolved† lived. Over many many generations the species keeps evolving until it has perfected the new trait, also becoming a new

The New Fuss About Daily Life Essay Topics

The New Fuss About Daily Life Essay Topics Bear in mind, if you're writing an argument about whether they really existed, you're want to present evidence to strengthen your argument but will also will need to deal with the counterargument. There are a few thumb rules for argumentative essay subjects to prevent clashes, yet earning a point at precisely the same moment. You will discover that a lot of the topics can be adapted to suit almost any type of writing assignment. You should also choose whether your words are addressing a severe subject, or whether you ought to make the speech more humorous. Ok, I Think I Understand Daily Life Essay Topics, Now Tell Me About Daily Life Essay Topics! Making a speech may be traumatic experience if you aren't utilized to speaking before an audience. 1 lesson I have learned in the past five weeks is the best way to define the external and internal barriers to critical thinking. Often you will receive far better grades if you are able to write on something important. Teachers always search for originality and confidence, so go for this to find the best grades. The Hidden Truth About Daily Life Essay Topics Chemistry In Everyday Life Our whole universe is composed of matter that is constantly changing forms and evolving into other types of energy. Therefore, if you know the fundamental properties of chemistry, then you are able to put them to everyday use very easily. Additionally, mathematics is applied daily in the grocery stores. There are dozens and dozens of selections of glass available, and they're all made using different compositions of these substances. The five-step model for problem solving identify the issue, discover the sources for the issue, create options to address the issue, evaluate the best choices to fix the issue, then act, monitor and modify selected options if needed. Thus, at individual level, economics would help because, regardless of what the profession of the person could possibl y be, being a buyer, he's the section of the financial world. When you choose the procedure you need to concentrate on, you then need to earn a list of steps needed to attain the aims of the activity. Otherwise, you can imagine unconventional processes. Daily Life Essay Topics Critical thinking helps me in identify the precise problem which I am facing and then I analyze it from various perspectives to ascertain the essence of the issue. It has become the subject of much philosophical. Being as there are a large selection of people on this planet there are a large range of answers to this question. Use critical thinking and examine the familiar thing at a totally new angle. Our Life Daily team has researched the feasible alternatives and prepared a brief collection of the very best and potentially most amusing. People today face problems daily in their lives and there's need of solving these problems since they come. It's self-explanatory on the best way to fix the issue and when using it, additionally, it can help you understand your problem somewhat better. Since problems are a part of life, the capacity to think critically in solving these problems to get a better future and for superior life perspectives. In spite of the fact people are busy with work and daily routines, it's still dynamically highly recommended that we spare a while to know what the results are outside where we live, because it is going to facilitate to secure our future and help individuals to fortify their life in advance. It may be tough for you to develop an original topic about life because so many men and women have written about it already. There are various replies fo r various people at various times in their lives. For example, they believe that you must not always says the truth in some situation that you cannot help. The modern world is money-driven and thus, demands knowledge in mathematics to aid in many calculations. Therefore, my theory of the significance of life is logical. You may decide on another animal if you want. The truth is physics is also defined in the identical way. Chemistry and physics are an essential part of physical science. Mathematics concepts are extremely significant in the managing of time. Economics is among them. In addition, the fact he dies, proves that his journey is all about exploring death as an alternative to life. Secondly, from political perspective, it's vital to be careful of what is going on in the other elements of the planet. During the length of the middle ages, the world was considered to be evil and full of temptation. To start with, as part of international citizen, it is vital to keep self-updated for what is going on in the whole world. Details of Daily Life Essay Topics Perhaps you still must understand more about the way to compose a history paper. Writing an excellent essay might be a bit of cake if you are feeling inspired. Welcome to continue in touch by means of your paper writer controlling everything. Writing about the reason and effect essay topics connected with the school's popularity or surviving the initial year in college could be fine to grab the interest of your peers.

Christian Concept of the Original Sin Federal Headship Samples

Question: In light of the understanding of the Christian Concept of Sin as outlined in this chapter which of the views on our Connection with Adam (Federal Headship, Natural Headship and Non-Headship) do you resonate most with, and why? Answer: Christian Concept of the Original Sin: Federal Headship The federal headship theory best explains the Christian concept of sin. The theory states that God appointed Adam as the symbol of the human race. When Adam sinned, humanity automatically inherited the sin. In our daily lives, we have authorities. If the president of a country makes a mistake, the whole country is held accountable. The sin of Adam became the original sin. Jesus Christ came to the world to save humanity from this original sin. Old Christian practices of infant baptism aimed at cleansing an infant from the original sin. In Psalms 51:5, David said that he came into the world blameworthy, a sinner from conception. In Romans 3:23-24,Paul said that every single human being has fallen into sin. However, every person was set free from this sin by the grace and redemption of Jesus Christ. In todays Christian living, Christians must accept Christ Jesus into their lives to live by His grace. The original sins main consequence was eternal death, but in John 3:16,Gods love for the world led Him to offer His only son as a sacrifice to the world, and whoever believes in Jesus Christ shall not die, but will reap the fruits of eternal life.

The American Constitution A Historical Background Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper The American Fundamental law: A Historical Background 1781-1788 Thesis Statement: The confirmation of the United States Constitution in 1787 provided the model for a new system of authorities. Outline I. General Background A. Law B. Human Affairs II. Background of the Fundamental law A. Articles of Alliance B. Shay s Rebellion III. Constitutional Convention A. Popular Control B. Limited Power IV. Framers of the Fundamental law A. George Washington B. Benjamin Franklin C. James Madison D. George Mason V. Ratification A. Federalism B. Anti-Federalism VI. Future Outlook A. Bill of Rights B. Additional Amendments The Constitution of the United States comprises the state s cardinal jurisprudence, supplying the model for its administration and the rules under which it must run. When the fundamental law was written, it was intended to digest for ages and be flexible and adaptable for future coevalss. The fundamental law was intended to be the supreme jurisprudence of the land. We will write a custom essay sample on The American Constitution A Historical Background Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Articles of Confederation, which were ratified in 1781 was the first fundamental law. The Articles of Confederation dealt with three issues: representation, revenue enhancement, and the extent of control over western districts. The first issue, representation, gave each of the 13 provinces one ballot. The 2nd issue, revenue enhancement, gave Congress power to bespeak money from the provinces in the signifier of revenue enhancements. The 3rd and last issue placed accent on western lands: people were allowed to have land all the manner to the Pacific and Virginia. ( West and Northwest # 8211 ; Caughey, p. 119 ) The Articles of Confederation gave power to the provinces and was faulty as an instrument of authorities. The deficiency of integrity caused jobs in international dealingss and the defence of the state. Although the Articles of Confederation gave the provinces a cardinal authorities, Congress did non hold the power it needed to regulate more satisfactory. ( Robinson p. 169 ) . By 1875 it seemed to many loyal citizens that the alliance was a failure. Washington, Hamilton, Jay, Madison and other leaders repeatedly argued that the authorities needed to be strengthened. Some Americans had particular grounds for desiring a stronger authorities. Some wanted the authorities to protect them from Indians, Spaniards, and the British. The groups of merchandisers, bargainers, and ship proprietors suffered from duty wars among provinces and from British Torahs. Work force who loaned money to the authorities during the wars wanted a stronger authorities so they could be repaid. ( America On-line 2 ) . Many people think of the United States as a immature state, and still our fundamental law is amongst the oldest written fundamental laws of any major states in the universe. Soon after the Revolutionary War, the three million people who lived in the United States became discontented with the Articles of Confederation. The authorities seemed excessively weak to command the people at place or to do the New Republic be respected abroad. Congress lacked power to raise money and could merely bespeak money from the provinces. Some provinces were hapless, others paid excessively much revenue enhancements. Congress had no authorization to modulate commercialism. All provinces were suppose to stay by the Articles of Confederation, but some violated them. Some provinces made pacts with the Indians and with others. They ignored foreign pacts made by Congress and regulated the value of money. Chaises Rebellion ( 1786-1787 ) was one event that dramatized the failing of the cardinal authorities. When debitors were in despair, many of them looked to the authorities for aid. In Massachusetts, when statute law refused alleviation, Daniel Shays led armed work forces to intimidate the tribunals from continuing with foreclosures. ( Caughey p. 126 ) The insurgents held out for about six months before being overpowered by the province reserves. Acknowledging that the dissenters might hold had merely cause, the legislative assembly pardoned all but the leaders, but subsequently widening amnesty to Shays himself. ( Caughey p.127 ) . As Shays rebellion was get downing, five provinces sent delegates to Annapolis, Maryland, to seek and develop a compact on interstate commercialism. Acknowledging the job was complex, these delegates called for a convention to give broader consideration to the job. In May 1787, delegates chosen by 12 provinces met in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and started the work of revising the Articles of Confederation. ( Caughey p. 127 ) . The delegates of the Constitutional Convention were work forces like George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay, and Benjamin Franklin. The agencies by which the aims could be achieved was lively. ( Grolier Electronic Publishing 2 ) . The assignment that brought these work forces together was to mend the defects of the Articles of Confederation, particularly the insufficiency of the cardinal authorities. How it should be strengthened and by how much, and what would be acceptable to the provinces. Issues like how to elect the president were debated. Others like the relationships of the authorities to the people and those between the provinces. Through the great via media, the little provinces were given equal representation with the big provinces in the Senate, but members of the House of Representatives were elected by the provinces harmonizing to population. The framers provided the ultimate control of the authorities by the people through the electoral procedure . The senators were chosen by province legislative assemblies and the preside National Trust by the Electoral College. State Legislature controlled the choice of senators, presidential voters, and seats in the province legislative assembly. Legislature was won in popular elections, and it was assumed that the population would finally hold an consequence on the choosing of senators and presidents. The framers felt that the popular bulk must be represented in the federal legislative assembly, yet besides felt that non all the power be given to them. Consequently, they approved an agreement by which one house of the legislative assembly represented bulk will and another house service as a cheque on the that house. Issues to be resolved by this brotherhood of the framers were: the common defence of the members, the saving of public peace, protection against external onslaughts, ordinance of commercialism between the provinces and with other states. ( Grolier Electronic Publishing 3 ) . The specific powers of the president were identified in Article II, subdivisions 2 and 3. The president has the power to blackball any measure that Congress may go through. The kernel of the legislative assembly authorization is to ordain Torahs, and to order regulations that regulate society, while the president is responsible for the executing of the Torahs. Presidential power was limited by holding merely a four twelvemonth term. ( Grolier Electronic Publishing 3 ) . Judicial power as such was understood by the framers to intend the power to make up ones mind instances and contentions. The fundamental law framers did non desire the power of authorities to be controlled by one individual, so that they provided for a separation of power and a system of cheques and balances. Alexander Hamilton called for all provinces to direct delegates to Philadelphia to run into in May 1787. George Washington was chosen as the presiding officer. The fundamental law was framed by 55 delegates from 12 of the 13 provinces, as Rhode Island did non name delegates. Another of import framer was Benjamin Franklin, a senior member delegate who was responsible for proposing the Electoral College, the manner in which the president was to be elected. James Madison was one of the most active framers of the fundamental law, a leader who was to be called the Father of the Constitution. He was a Southerner, slave proprietor from Virginia, educated in New Jersey. ( Robinson p. 209 ) . And another framer was George Mason, from Virginia, who was profoundly troubled about the issue of bondage. Mason was the writer of the Virginia Seminal Bill of Rights, which began with the averment that all work forces are of course equal. This called the attending of the delegates to the inclination of bondage to weaken the state s defence against foreign enemies. ( Robinson p. 211 ) . It was the will of the framers to construct a strong and stable authorities. They besides expected the authorities to organize the power of the three subdivisions of authorities, the Executive, Legislative and Judicial Branches. On September 17, 1787, George Washington, President of the Federal Convention, sent the completed fundamental law to the Congress of the Confederation, pressing prompt confirmation. The confirmation of the fundamental law would be a gamble for everyone. Much would depend on the attitude with which the congresswomans and the delegates to signing conventions approached their undertaking. One singular note to the confirmation procedure was the deficiency of contention aroused by the agreements in the fundamental law impacting bondage. ( Robinson pp. 234-235 ) . Massachusetts was the first province to keep full graduated table arguments on the issues involved. Issues discussed were expansive jury indictment and how it would be required before a test for major offenses. Congress would non hold the power to set up commercial monopolies, and powers non assigned to the authorities were reserved for the provinces. Massachusetts ratified the fundamental law on January 9, 1788 by a narrow border. Other provinces followed. Congress waited for Virginia and New York, and on September 13, 1788, acknowledged that the necessary confirmation s had been given, put the day of the months for the election and the meeting of the Electoral College. New York was to be the place of the new authorities and on March 4, 1789 was set as the official start of the new federal government. ( Caughey p 131 ) . The original 10 amendments of the United States Constitution gave us our Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights give us the freedom of faith, address, imperativeness, assembly, and request. The province besides has the right to keep a reserves ; it is non to one-fourth soldiers upon people. It besides disallows general hunt warrants. ( Caughey p. 135 ) . Other amendments are addressed more straight to protecting each occupant of the United States against arbitrary and unreasonable intervention by his or her authorities. One merely needs to read the Preamble of the Constitution to cognize what the framers set out to give the people of our great state: We the people of the United States, in order to organize a more perfect Union, set up Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense mechanism, promote the general Welfare, and procure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Descendants, do ordain and set up this Fundamental law for the United States of America. Plants Cited 1. United States. Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Fundamental law. Washington, D.C. ; GPO 1996. 2. Robinson, L. Donald. Slavery in the Structure of American Politics 1765-1920. New York: Jovanovich, Inc. , 1971. 3. Grolier Electronic Publishing Encyclopedia. Cadmium ROM 1995. 4. Caughey, W. John. A History of the United States. Chicago: Rand McNally and Company, 1964. 5. America On-line. Internet Service.

How to Write a Perfect Thesis

How to Write a Perfect Thesis How to Write a Perfect Thesis What is a thesis statement Key features of thesis statement Considerations before writing a thesis How to write a strong thesis statement Tips on how to write a proper thesis Revising thesis statement: Tips on thesis revision Thesis sample (Crime and Punishment Essay Thesis) Example of a good thesis statement What is a thesis statement Essays or research papers always have the main idea, central message or main point. All the discussions, arguments and elaborations center on the main idea which captures the position of a writer. Therefore, a thesis statement is a view of an essay writer that captures the theme of the whole essay or research as well as the central message on the discussion. In most cases, thesis statements have one to two sentences that present the topic of the paper as well as comment on the position of the student about the subject of discussion. Therefore, it gives the reader a snapshot of what the paper is about besides giving guidance to the author to remain focused on the topic. Key features of a thesis statement The thesis statement is argumentative: when students write a thesis statement, they should bring out the contentious aspect of the central message hence should not have a factual statement that is irrefutable. The thesis statement is specific: the central message of an essay or a research paper is usually specified what the essay is about for the students to elaborate and prove the argument adequately. The thesis statement is engaging: students ensure that the central message of the essay usually attracts interest. Thus, the thesis statement is provocative and pulls the audience into the whole essay. Thesis statement alludes as well as support the stand of a writer: writers indicate thesis statements that support or alludes to support their points of argument. Thus, the statements appear to have some positive aspect besides giving a clear position of the writer. Considerations before writing a thesis Before writing a thesis statement, students should consider various aspects that entail thesis. For example, students should be aware of the arguable claims that they are about to put across. Besides, students should consider the content of the paper that the thesis statement will control. Separately, authors should think of the best structure of the paper before developing a thesis statement. Elsewhere, writers delve in the best way of summarizing the entire paper before developing a thesis statement since the statement gives a summary of the whole paper. On another note, writers ensure that thesis statements appear in the middle or the end of the first paragraph. Besides, they provide that it is precise and clear, gives the purpose of the paper and gives guidance to the journal. How to write a strong thesis statement Strong thesis statements have three parts that include the argument, the reason for discussion and the opposing views. Consequently, it gives a research paper a clear direction and scope that the writer will cover. Also, it informs a reader on the items that the author will cover within the paper. Therefore, students ensure that a strong thesis statement is narrow, summarize the entire paper, and develops a claim. Besides, it provides the position of the writer, the reason for the position and the opposite view. Also, writers ensure that the statement is complete, guides the writer on the essay and peculiar to the length of the paper and should be debatable. Tips on how to write a proper thesis Students who write research works are aware of the different tips when making strong thesis statements. Therefore, students should: Break the topic into three portions namely the position of the writer, the reason for the stance and the opposing view. Students should ensure that the statement forms a complete sentence and summarizes the authors view. Ensure that the thesis statement captures the purpose of the essay and mentions the most important points that the author will discuss. Students should elaborate thesis statement in a way that guides the paper. Ensure that the thesis statement answers the question in the entire paper. Revising thesis statement: Tips on thesis revision When reviewing a thesis statement, writers should note that the statement is a complete sentence that is simple and meets the requirement of the assignment. Besides, it should answer the research question in either explanatory or argumentative point of view and has a defined idea. Separately, students should ensure that the thesis statement challenges the reader to think and hold the attention of the reader. Also, they should make sure that the report gives new information regarding the topic and avoids mere announcement of the subject as well as stating an obvious idea. Thesis sample (Crime and Punishment Essay Thesis) ‘At least 25 percent of the first-degree murder crimes committed in America pass death penalties’. Example of a good thesis statement ‘American government should spend more than 30 percent of its budget on control of pollution, research on best alternative sources of energy gives a reason for the stance, is engaging and reforestation’. The thesis statement is narrow and debatable, summarizes the paper, gives the position of the student, provides a claim on the solution and highlights the scope of the paper. Example of a bad thesis ‘Crime is detrimental to the society. The thesis stamen is broad and vague. The reader cannot tell what is entailing n the category of offense. Also, the user is unable to understand how crime is detrimental. Besides, the author does not give clarity on the scope of the paper and the area whether it is in USA or Canada, the statement is general and lacks engagement to the reader besides not argumentative.

History of St. Valentines Day in the 1800s

History of St. Valentines Day in the 1800s Commemorations of St. Valentine’s Day are rooted in the distant past. In the Middle Ages the tradition of choosing a romantic partner on that particular saints day began because it was believed that birds began mating on that day. Yet there doesnt seem to be any evidence that the historical Saint Valentine, an early Christian martyred by the Romans, had any connections to either birds or romance. In the 1800s, stories abounded that the roots of St. Valentine’s Day reached back to Rome and the festival of Lupercalia on the 15th of February, but modern scholars discount that idea. Despite the holidays mysterious and puzzling roots, it is obvious that people have observed St. Valentine’s Day for centuries. The famed London diarist Samuel Pepys mentioned observances of the day in the mid-1600s, complete with elaborate gift-giving among the wealthier members of society. The History of Valentine Cards It seems that the writing of special notes and letters for Valentine’s Day gained widespread popularity in the 1700s. At that time the romantic missives would have been handwritten, on ordinary writing paper. Papers made especially for Valentine greetings began to be marketed in the 1820s, and their use became fashionable in both Britain and the United States. In the 1840s, when postal rates in Britain became standardized, commercially produced Valentine cards began to grow in popularity. The cards were flat paper sheets, often printed with colored illustrations and embossed borders. The sheets, when folded and sealed with wax, could be mailed. The American Valentine Industry Began in New England According to legend, an English Valentine received by a woman in Massachusetts inspired the beginnings of the American Valentine industry. Esther A. Howland, a student at Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts, began making Valentine cards after receiving a card produced by an English company. As her father was a stationer, she sold her cards in his store. The business grew, and she soon hired friends to help her make the cards. And as she attracted more business her hometown of Worcester, Massachusetts became the center of the American Valentine production. St. Valentines Day Became a Popular Holiday in America By the mid-1850s the sending of manufactured Valentine’s Day cards was popular enough that the New York Times published an editorial on February 14, 1856 sharply criticizing the practice: Our beaux and belles are satisfied with a few miserable lines, neatly written upon fine paper, or else they purchase a printed Valentine with verses ready made, some of which are costly, and many of which are cheap and indecent. In any case, whether decent or indecent, they only please the silly and give the vicious an opportunity to develop their propensities, and place them, anonymously, before the comparatively virtuous. The custom with us has no useful feature, and the sooner it is abolished the better. Despite the outrage from the editorial writer, the practice of sending Valentines continued to flourish throughout the mid-1800s. Popularity of the Valentine Card Boomed After the Civil War In the years following the Civil War, newspaper reports indicated that the practice of sending Valentines was actually growing. On February 4, 1867, the New York Times interviewed Mr. J.H. Hallett, who was identified as the â€Å"Superintendent of the Carrier Department of the City Post Office.† Mr. Hallett provided statistics which stated that in the year 1862 post offices in New York City had accepted 21,260 Valentines for delivery. The following next year showed a slight increase, but then in 1864 the number dropped to only 15,924. A huge change occurred in 1865, perhaps because the dark years of the Civil War were ending. New Yorkers mailed more than 66,000 Valentines in 1865, and more than 86,000 in 1866. The tradition of sending Valentine cards was turning into a big business. The February 1867 article in the New York Times reveals that some New Yorkers paid exorbitant prices for Valentines: It puzzles many to understand how one of these trifles can be gotten up in such shape as to make it sell for $100; but the fact is that even this figure is not by any means the limit of their price. There is a tradition that one of the Broadway dealers not many years ago disposed of no less than seven Valentines which cost $500 each, and it may be safely asserted that if any individual was so simple as to wish to expend ten times that sum upon one of these missives, some enterprising manufacturer would find a way to accommodate him. Valentine Cards Could Hold Lavish Gifts The newspaper explained that the most expensive Valentines actually held hidden treasures hidden inside the paper: Valentines of this class are not simply combinations of paper gorgeously gilded, carefully embossed and elaborately laced. To be sure they show paper lovers seated in paper grottoes, under paper roses, ambushed by paper cupids, and indulging in the luxury of paper kisses; but they also show something more attractive than these paper delights to the overjoyed receiver. Receptacles cunningly prepared may hide watches or other jewelry, and, of course, there is no limit to the lengths to which wealthy and foolish lovers may go. In the late 1860s, most Valentines were modestly priced, and targeted toward a mass audience. And many were designed for humorous effect, with caricatures of particular professions or ethnic groups. Indeed, many Valentines in the late 1800s were intended as jokes, and the sending of humorous cards was a fad for many years. Victorian Valentines Could Be Works of Art The legendary British illustrator of children’s books  Kate Greenaway designed Valentines in the late 1800s which were enormously popular. Her Valentine designs sold so well for the card publisher, Marcus Ward, that she was encouraged to design cards for other holidays. Some of Greenaway’s illustrations for Valentine cards were collected in a book published in 1876, ​Quiver of Love: A Collection of Valentines. By some accounts, the practice of sending Valentine cards fell off in the late 1800s, and only revived in the 1920s. But the holiday as we know it today firmly has its roots in the 1800s.

The Education of John Dewey - a biography by Jay Martin Essay

The Education of John Dewey - a biography by Jay Martin - Essay Example John Dewey was considered as one of the most ten important thinkers in the history of the country of America. This was of the many instances of popularity he achieved during his lifetime from his birth in the year 1859 till his death in 1952. The short hand word of Pragmatism identified his line of thinking conventionally. The body of thought as prescribed by the prominent thinker has been identified as one of the distinctive philosophy of the American society that had been ruling the philosophy of the country for the last fifty years. The work he had done for the education system of the society has still been famous and influential in recent period in the eve of the changing world and has been considerably famous for the worldwide system of education. According to him education is the immediate necessity of life. The ascendance of multiculturalism and that of independent thinking of individuals in the American pedagogy of the contemporary period was anticipated in the educational wo rks that had been done by him in his lifetime. In the emerging democracies of the present world The University of Chicago Laboratory School that have been founded by him in the year 1896 has been a model for the schools and also in entire world of schools. John Dewey had well established himself as one of the eminent reformers of the education system of the country.... The movement of progressive education emphasized on attacking the established education system of the country from both inside and outside the establishment. However, according to some critics of the education philosophy of John Dewey, the philosophy had racial assumptions underlying it. The famous child centered education philosophy of John Dewey holds true for the American as well as the European American students but not for the African Americans. Apart from this criticism the educational thoughts propagated by him had been truly helpful for education of every society of the country. There was a need of continuous interaction of the classroom education of an individual along with experience of his real life. There is the need of students in continuously learning the use of the past experience of the individual along with the present one for the attainment of decisions intelligent enough in the future. Education of the individual is defined as the only process in achieving so. Acco rding to John Dewey harmonization of individuals with the people of the society, which is involved in the growth of the mental power of individuals, is the ultimate meaning of education. A democratic society in the country could only be evolved with the achievement of education with respect to the intelligence capacity of each individual of the society along with his or her own uniqueness. Dewey perceived democracy as a ‘â€Å"way of life† founded on a working belief in the possibilities of human nature and in the capacity of humans for â€Å"intelligent judgment and action† (Martin 438). He addressed the League for Industrial Democracy in 1931 and suggested the ban of Japanese commodities unless they receded their forces from the borders